Using a short- and long-term macroeconomic forecasts, we estimate the cost of the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine for countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia. Shortly after the Russian attack, the projected cost (cumulative over six years) stood at $2.44 trillion for the...

Using novel scenario-based survey questions that randomize the expected duration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Middle East conflict, we examine the causal impact of geopolitical risk on consumers’ beliefs about aggregate economic conditions and their own financial outlook. Expecting a...

This paper examines how financial frictions and policy uncertainty jointly influence firms' investments in pollution abatement. Our data analyses suggest that financially constrained firms are less likely to invest in pollution abatement and are more likely to release toxic pollutants, with this...

This paper proposes a quantitative general equilibrium model with credit market frictions to explain the observed stylized facts of micro uncertainty (dispersion of realized firm-level outcomes) and macro uncertainty (volatility of aggregate economic variables). They are conceptually different...

This paper argues leasing is a risk-sharing mechanism: risk-tolerant lessors (capital owners) provide insurance to financially constrained risk-averse lessees (capital borrowers) against systematic capital price fluctuations. We provide strong empirical evidence to support this novel risk...

The central ingredient of empirical asset pricing tests is the (expected) risk premium. However, heterogeneity in expectations makes aggregation of beliefs a non-trivial task. This paper proposes a novel approach to estimate subjective bond risk premia based on the historical accuracy of...

Using a multi-industry real business cycle model, we empirically examine the microeconomic origins of aggregate tail risks. Our model, estimated using industry-level data from 1972 to 2016, indicates that industry-specific shocks account for most of the third and fourth moments of GDP growth

This paper outlines an approach to assess uncertainty around a forecast baseline as well as the impact of alternative policy rules on macro variability. The approach allows for non-Gaussian shock distributions and non-linear underlying macroeconomic models. Consequently, the resulting...

We investigate the possible asymmetric response of inflation expectations to oil price and policy uncertainty shocks. Unlike other studies that assume symmetric effects, our study finds asymmetric effects of oil price and policy uncertainty on inflation expectations for positive and negative...

Uncertainty shocks affect expectations and corporate profits and mostly transmit globally. This article provides an uncertainty shocks spillover index from the log-ratio of volatility indices to measure the transmission of uncertainty shocks across European financial markets from 2001 to 2018....