Banks' fundamental concept relies on public trust. Since banks are also called the fiduciary financial institutions, public trust plays as an important role in the banking industry. This is mainly due to the fact that banks do not actually manage their own money. Instead, banks manage public...

Risk-return association is one of the major concerns for economics and business disciplines. While the standard economics and finance theory assume that the sign of the relationship should be positive (individuals are assumed to be risk adverse), since Bowman (1980) many researchers have found...

This article applies a unique accruals measure to empirically test whether accruals quality affects the cost of capital for property-liability insurers. We utilize insurer loss reserve errors to accurately measure the quality of accruals. This measure, as well as conventional accruals measures,...

Risk parity is an asset allocation strategy designed so each asset class contributes equally to overall portfolio risk (as measured by volatility). While risk parity offers potential advantages, its success hinges on key assumptions and a favorable environment for bonds. Like the traditional...

We propose a novel corporate social responsibility (CSR) index that captures various aspects of an insurer's internal and external CSR activities. We first show that insurers worldwide have significantly increased their CSR activities with the average index value almost doubling between 2006 and...

Kenneth Arrow and Karl Borch published several important articles in the early 1960s that can be viewed as the beginning of modern economic analysis of insurance activity. This chapter reviews the main theoretical and empirical contributions in insurance economics since that time. The review...

Firms, insurance companies, pension funds, and broadly speaking the international community focus already their engagement activities on environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues since it can create long-term shareholder value, by determining the future performance of markets. Indeed ESG...

The objective of this study is to compare the effects of a company's perceived levels of trust, reputation, risk perception, and quality, on consumers' purchasing intention in two contexts. The first context posits a company in stable financial condition, while the second a company in bankruptcy...

Measuring the impact of political risk on investment projects is one of the most vexing issues in international business. One popular approach is to assume that the sovereign yield spread captures political risk and to augment the project discount rate by this spread. We show that this approach...

The proposed of this paper is to determine the informative content of the cash flows related to the earnings of the process of explaining the firm's risk. The risk proxies used are Mark-to-Book, Market Beta, financial leverage and insolvency risk. The models are solved by the ordinary least...