This study explores the effect of managerial overconfidence on the risk of a stock price crash. Results indicate that managerial overconfidence positively affects stock price crash risk. Importantly, internal controls can reduce this risk by curbing managerial overconfidence.

Value-at-risk (VaR) and conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) are popular risk measures from academic, industrial and regulatory perspectives. The problem of minimizing CVaR is theoretically known to be of a Neyman-Pearson type binary solution. We add a constraint on expected return to investigate...