, the analyzed cryptocurrencies’ returns exhibited similar patterns of uncertainty and risk. Levels of uncertainty were … close to the maximum values, but high uncertainty is not always associated with high risk. During the pandemic crisis …, uncertainty increased while risk decreased, suggesting that the considered assets may have safe haven properties. …

minimizes the cost of the supply chain while the second objective function minimizes CO2 emission. Conditional Value at Risk … (CVaR) approach is adapted to deal with demand uncertainty and the stochastic CO2 emission level. Finally, the model outputs …