and possibly cut household air pollution in low-income countries. This study uses a randomized controlled trial to examine … household air pollution reductions from an improved biomass cookstove promoted in rural Ethiopia, the Mirt improved cookstove … sample, the Mirt improved cookstove leads to only minor reductions in mean household air pollution (10 percent on average …

production and peasant's family, to calculate the returns of education investment on the whole family's income. The intra-household … member's education on household income. The externalities, together with marriage match in education, however, decrease the … return as the number of household member investing in education increases, which may result in ldquo;literacy congestionrdquo …