The Eastern Partnership, encompassing EU’s relations with Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine, was launched in May 2009 as an “eastern dimension” of the European Neighbourhood Policy. Its aims at supporting the reform process in the six former Soviet...

This article reveals the real goals of the Eastern Partnership. Consequently, it will be an attempt to prove that the legendary choice of Ukraine between Russia and the European Union is actually a zero-sum choice. On one side, ‘the European choice’ means modernization (i.e. westernization)...

Sanctions have a long history dating several centuries. There has been a significant increase of sanctions after World War II. Those against Iran and Russia are at present in focus for the discussion of sanctions, but also other countries as Cuba and North Korea are sanctioned. There are several...

A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust sanctions to simultaneously shield the target, harm the sender, and make a profit. We evaluate the legitimacy of this concern by studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows...

A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust sanctions to simultaneously shield the target, harm the sender, and make a profit. We evaluate the legitimacy of this concern by studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows...

The Russian system is not yet capable of running on its own, without Putin amid internal and external challenges and threats.Russian youth sees him as a hero; photos, participating in skiing, fishing, hunting, judo, hockey, ice dip in sub zero freezing water to mark Epiphany, and horse riding...

A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust sanctions to simultaneously shield the target, harm the sender, and make a profit. We evaluate the legitimacy of this concern by studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows...

A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust sanctions to simultaneously shield the target, harm the sender, and make a profit. We evaluate the legitimacy of this concern by studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows...

A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust sanctions to simultaneously shield the target, harm the sender, and make a profit. We evaluate the legitimacy of this concern by studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows...