capabilities to support urbanization in Africa. However, South African companies have been relatively unsuccessful at exporting …

Although Africa has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades, we know little about the process of urbanization …, the authors study the effect of migration on urbanization in South Africa. While they find that on average there is no … populations. Overall, the evidence suggests that exogenous migration shocks can foster urbanization in the medium run …

role of urbanization, coal consumption and CO2 emissions as additional variables to avoid omitted variable bias. The … a driver of economic advancement. The empirical study shows a bidirectional causal effect between urbanization and …