This study investigates the extent to which the pressures from outside stakeholders, specifically the providers of debt and trade credit, as opposed to owner-managers' internal needs explain the use of voluntary audits in micro-companies. Whereas previous studies have mainly focused on how bank...

This paper analyzes the auditor choices for a sample of 2,333 predominantly small and mid-sized Finnish firms. Finland requires virtually all commercial enterprises to have a financial statement audit, but allows the smallest firms to choose from four types of audit firms: first tier...

We study the association between credit availability and modified audit opinions using a sample of more than 50,000 observations for small- and medium-sized companies. Studies in finance suggest that companies use trade-credit as a source of financing when institutional debt is not available...