relationship between firm-level innovation, entry and exit on the one hand, and productivity and growth on the other. Aghion has …

financial crisis 2008/2009 on their business customers’ innovation activity. Using a matched bank-firm data set for Germany, we … find that having relations with a more severely affected bank seriously hampers firms’ current innovation activities due to … initiate new product and process innovations and to reallocate human resources to innovation during the financial crisis. …

In most European jurisdictions it is discussed whether shareholders must observe a duty of loyalty towards the company … and/or towards other shareholders. This paper traces the origin and evolution of a more general duty of loyalty in Germany … a duty of loyalty can lead to in terms of duties for shareholders, it is natural to look at the practice in Germany and …

activism-related problems companies face, little is known about activism by small individual shareholders. We attempt to fill … this void by investigating under which conditions small shareholders are likely to take action against their organizations … trigger activism by individual small shareholders …