sequencing of benefits), monitoring in conjunction with sanctions, and workfare. Our reading of the theoretical literature is …

punishment in a social dilemma. Emotional reaction to free-riding incites individuals to apply sanctions when they are available …. The application of sanctions activates a "virtuous emotional circle"" that accompanies cooperation. Emotionally aroused …

current increasing international sanctions aim to reduce the military capabilities and capacities of the Iranian government …

Economic sanctions are a frequent instrument of foreign policy. In a diplomatic conflict, they aim to elicit a change … in the policies of foreign governments by damaging their economy. However, sanctions are not costless for the sending …. We first gauge the impact of the sanctions' regime using a structural gravity framework and quantify the trade losses in …