cross-sectional data as well as for panel data regressions with random effects. Penalized splines are particularly … advantageous since they enable both the estimation of unknown nonlinear covariate effects and inferential statements about these … assessment for the whole estimated functions. In this paper, we consider fixed effects panel data models instead of random …

method of moments (CU-GMM) estimators of dynamic panel models when the data is close to non-stationary. This case is far from … trivial, as a high degree of persistence is the norm rather than the exception in economic panels, particularly in financial …

This article analyzes persistence and the drivers of profitability in US and EU food processing using GMM estimations … Score Matching. The GMM results indicate that profit persistence in food processing is lower than in other manufacturing …