-term employment stability among those who lost their jobs early in the pandemic in contrast to the group of the longer-term unemployed … scarring effects. Unlike their longer-term unemployed counterparts, they did not demonstrate persistent labour market …This paper examines the socio-demographic disparities evident in the early labour market response to the COVID-19 …

contributes to the decline in the gender employment gap but increases the race and ethnicity employment gap. This finding follows …-collar jobs. Despite their predominance in the manufacturing sector, the labor market impacts of robots are not confined to these …

Those in employment are people above a specified age who, during a specified period, were in paid employment or self-employment …. People in paid employment during the reference period performed some work for a wage or salary, in cash or in kind, or they …