The factor X in the RPI-X regulation aims to adjust price or revenue allowances to changes in total factor productivity …

In this paper, we assess the impact of competition and regulation on prices of mobile services in France. We estimate …-adjusted prices to a set of competition and regulation variables and find that the launch of 4G networks by mobile operators was the … introduced to pre-empt the entry of low cost competitor declined at the time of entry. Moreover, we find that regulation, which …

We analyze the extent to which sales prices for residential housing react to rent-price regulation. To this end, we … exploit changes in apartment prices across the regulation treatment threshold. We examine a quasi-natural design in the German …