This paper tests the hypothesis on market efficiency for returns on the euro against fifteen currencies while assuming …

The euro was launched, on 1 January 1999, as a common currency for members of the European Union that complied with the … impact of the euro on the degree of market integration by looking at the comovement of the European equity markets and a … sample of OECD equity markets. Weekly stock market indices for the period covering seven years before the euro and seven …

At the beginning of 1999 the euro was launched as a common currency in 11 European countries. This paper addresses … empirically the medium to long-term forces driving the real euro-dollar exchange rate. Constructing a synthetic euro … determinants of the real euro-dollar exchange rate: the international real interest rate differential, relative prices in the …