Politicians and trade unions raise the issue of illegal employment in order to provoke support, voters feel negatively touched by the presence of illegal employment, often also associated with illegal immigration. In addition there was a severe discussion in Germany about passing a minimum wage...

Industrial productivity levels of formerly socialist economies in Central East Europe (including East Germany) are considerably lower than in the more mature Western economies. This research aims at assessing the reasons for lower productivities at the firm level: what are the firm-specific...