In addition to privatization, marketization, liberalization and pragmatization, monetization has been argued as the fifth feature in China's economic reform. If monetization is taken to mean a process through which variations in money supply or interest rate are to affect macroeconomic...

This paper contributes to the globalization debate by studying the overall effect on growth of openness and indigenous factors. The empirical results show that the openness factors averagely promote growth whereas the indigeneity factors have a negative effect on growth. The conclusion is robust...

This article distinguishes openness from domestic performance as different growth determinants and uses nonparametric estimation to reveal their direct effects on GDP. On average, openness promotes growth, but its effect on growth is negative when the levels of openness and domestic performance...