This paper looks at the joint impact of labour market risk and selection in to the labour market on returns to … education. Accounting for non-employment risk leads to substantial changes in returns while wage risk has little impact. The … risk- adjusted returns to both high school and college for males are larger than unadjusted returns. For females, risk …

entrepreneurial and labor risk is found to be statistically significant and detrimental to entrepreneurship. The crowding-out effect … detrimental effect on entrepreneurial risk-taking. …

There has been a revival of interest in the effect of risk on economic growth. We quantify both ex ante and ex post … effects of risk using a stochastic version of the Ramsey model. We develop a simulation-based econometric methodology which … remarkable long-running panel data set for rural households in Zimbabwe. We find that risk substantially reduces growth: in the …