are formed by integrated process of order 1. We find that without a cointegration relation (spurious case) the …. Whereas, for the case when at least one cointegration relation exists, we have a T-consistent estimator for the intervention …

extransition economies. In the first phase of the empirical part of the research, the authors tested the stationarity of the real … exchange rate in a logarithm, while in the second phase, the cointegration of nominal exchange rate, domestic and foreign price … authors' knowledge, and taking into account Liu (1992), who states that it is more important to check the presence of co-integration …

In this paper, we test cointegration between GDP and Public consumption of the Republic of North Macedonia, for … quarterly data of twenty years' time series (2000Q1-2019Q4). We present results of two methods for cointegration test: first …, residual regression test table and second, Engle & Granger cointegration test and Philips Ouliaris test. Both methods provides …