In 2016, the Polish government introduced a large child benefit, called "Family 500+", with the aim to increase …-in-differences methodology, we find that the labor market participation rates of women with children decreased after the introduction of the … points by mid-2017 as a result of the "Family 500+" program. The effect was higher among women with lower levels of education …

employment and fertility among women, as well as long‐run cognitive outcomes among children. A dynamic structural model of … mothers' behavior on long‐run cognitive outcomes of children. The reform leads to lower reading scores among children … alternative child care subsidy, an expanded maternity leave program, and a tax deduction for mothers with children. …

The economic and psychological literatures have demonstrated that early investments (private and public) in children … countries, implying that mothers spend less time with their children and that families rely more on external sources of …

contribution due to the biological costs of giving birth. Second, we provide causal estimates on the impact of two family policies …Women experience significant reductions in labor market income following the birth of children, while their male …

employment and fertility among women, as well as long-run cognitive outcomes among children. A structural life-cycle model of … outcomes of children, via estimating a cognitive ability production function that corrects for the endogeneity of inputs. We …-education women. This leads to lower reading scores among children, primarily as a result of mothers shifting away from formal care …

families' child care costs. The nonrefundable federal CDCC is available to working families with children younger than 13 years … generosity across states and family sizes. I document CDCC eligibility and expenditures over time and across income and … increases annual paid child care participation by 4-5 percent among households with children younger than 13 years old. I also …