This paper examines the profitability of investing according to environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria in the U.S. and Europe. Based on data from 2003 to 2017, we show that a portfolio long in stocks with the highest ESG scores and short in those with the lowest scores yields a...

This paper empirically examines the theoretically ambivalent relationship between socially responsible investing (SRI) and stock performance. It extends the existing literature by considering both the US and the entire European stock markets as well as by using consistent world-wide corporate...

In socially responsible investment terms, Germany is a contradiction. The country is considered by many as one of the pioneers of post‐war environmentalism and social reform. Yet, German financial institutions are amongst the European laggards in adopting environmentally and socially informed...