concave or convex, and gender biasaffects both relative and absolute mobility. We test these predictions in India and China … evidence of pure son preference in rural India.The girls in rural China do not face bias in financial investment by parents … the gender gap closes when the fathers are collegeeducated. In China, the CEF is convex for sons in urban areas, but …

mobility. This paper tests these predictions in India and China using data not subject to coresidency bias. The evidence … evidence of pure son preference in rural India. The girls in rural China do not face bias in financial investment by parents … rejects the linear conditional expectation function in rural and urban India in favor of a concave relation. Girls in India …

structure choice made by the firms that are operating in China, India, and South Africa. The study tests the capital structure … using a large data-set of firms in China, India, and South Africa that has not been done so far. …