polarization of greenness. Taking the prevalence as a direct and diversity as an inverse measure of the validity of a greenness … polarization of greenness for those either very green or not green at all. This is consistent with the idea that green self … other groups - a possibility that relies on sufficiently large differentiation/polarization of groups. We discuss …

In their survey of the literature on ethnic fractionalization and economic performance, Alesina and La Ferrara (JEL … ethnic fractionalization on economic growth across countries using unique time-varying measures. We first replicate the … latitude), it shows a significant negative impact on economic growth which is robust to different specifications, polarization …

fractionalization is a strong predictive measure for the direct effect of ethnicity on growth, whereas the concept of ethnic … polarization has non-negligible indirect economic effects through the specified channel variables. …

the concept of ethnic fractionalization is a strong predictive measure for the direct effect of ethnicity on growth …, whereas the concept of ethnic polarization has non-negligible indirect economic effects through the specified channel …

We study how two distinct dimensions of peer ethnic diversity (ethnic fractionalization and ethnic polarization) affect … schools, we find evidence for two opposing effects. Ethnic fractionalization increases the likelihood of students sorting into … people-oriented occupations while ethnic polarization reduces this likelihood. Using data on social and cognitive skills, we …

, generalized ethnic fractionalization, and the alignment of spatial and ethnic distances. We use maps of traditional ethnic …

This paper suggests that societies exhibiting a large degree of educational polarization among its populace are … polarization and test its predictive power in explaining the likelihood of civil conflict and civil war, analyzing 146 countries … educational polarization is associated with a 4.6 and 3.8 percentage point rise in the chances of civil conflict and civil war …