We compare estimates of the effects of education on health and health behaviour using two different instrumental … variables in the UK Biobank data. One is based on a conventional natural experiment while the other, known as Mendelian … randomization (MR), is based on genetic variants. The natural experiment exploits a compulsory schooling reform in the UK in 1972 …

In this paper we investigate the causal effect of years of schooling on health and health-related behavior in West … Germany. We apply an instrumental variables approach using as natural experiments several changes in compulsory schooling laws … behavior. Overall, our estimates suggest significant non-monetary returns to education with respect to health outcomes and not …

educational reform in Germany that has raised weekly instructional time for high school students by 12.5% as a quasi …-natural experiment. We find that this rise has a negative and sizeable effect on volunteering, both at the intensive and at the extensive …

life are quantified in a multidimensional approach of poverty and wealth: Individual income, current health, occupational … supposed. Major findings: An initial rise in life satisfaction can improve income and health, but not job autonomy. However …

Germany's education system stands out among OECD countries for early tracking: students are tracked into different …

In Germany, the streaming of students into an academic or nonacademic track at age 10 can be revised at later stages of …

Saxony, Germany, where performance based tracking was preponed from grade 7 to grade 5 in 2004, i.e. with the completion of …

quasi-random assignment of students to different class sizes based on maximum class size rules. In Germany, students are …