In a tractable stochastic volatility model, we identify the price of the smile as the price of the unspanned risks traded in SPX option markets. The price of the smile reflects two persistent volatility and skewness risks, which imply a downward sloping term structure of low-frequency variance...

We empirically evaluate a behavioural model with boundedly rational traders who disagree about the persistence of deviations from the fundamental stock price. Fundamentalist traders believe in mean-reversion, while chartists extrapolate trends. Agents gradually switch between the two rules,...

In the contemporary world bustling with global trade, a natural disaster or financial crisis in one country (or region) can cause substantial economic losses and turbulence in the local financial markets, which may then affect the economic activities and financial assets of other countries (or...