Women experience significant reductions in labor market income following the birth of children, while their male … contribution due to the biological costs of giving birth. Second, we provide causal estimates on the impact of two family policies …

patterns. First, medium-run effects on mothers’ employment probability are positive, significant and large, for some subgroups … ranging up to 10 per cent. The effects are driven by gains in part-time but not full-time employment. We also find significant …

patterns. First, medium-run effects on mothers' employment probability are positive, significant and large, for some subgroups … ranging up to 10 per cent. The effects are driven by gains in part-time but not full-time employment. We also find significant …

childcare slots. Overall, I did not find significant changes in maternal employment during the first three years of motherhood … findings suggest that the restriction in the childcare availability became an important constraint for the employment effect of …Parental leave and child care are important instruments of family policies to improve work– family balance. This paper …

development and socio-economic development gaps. For children born before January 1, 2007, parental leave benefits were means …-tested and paid for up to 24 months after childbirth. For children born thereafter, parental leave benefits were earnings … study the reform effects on children's language skills, motor skills, socio-emotional stability, and school readiness using …

development and socio-economic development gaps. For children born before January 1, 2007, parental leave benefits were means …-tested and paid for up to 24 months after childbirth. For children born thereafter, parental leave benefits were earnings … study the reform effects on children's language skills, motor skills, socio-emotional stability, and school readiness using …

family and work, and the education distribution of married couples have substantially changed. By contrast, the gender wage …

family and work, and the education distribution of married couples have substantially changed. By contrast, the gender wage …

The economic and psychological literatures have demonstrated that early investments (private and public) in children … countries, implying that mothers spend less time with their children and that families rely more on external sources of … childcare. This trend has raised concerns, and an intense debate in several countries has focused on the effectiveness of …