after the reform implementation. Only for high-income mothers, the reform produced a significant decrease in the employment … studies the impact of the substantial change in Germany’s parental leave system on maternal employment. The aim of the reform … was to decrease birth-related maternal employment breaks by providing more generous parental benefits for a shorter period …

employment status and work hours changes, respectively. In East Germany, mothers with a child aged under three years who lived in … negative association of child-teacher-ratios with maternal employment was marginally significant. For mothers with older …By investigating how locally available early childhood education and care quality relates to maternal employment …

In the United States, approximately 20% of employed mothers with children under 5 use grandparents as their primary … of this source of childcare has a causal effect on mother’s labor force participation. We compare Ordinary Least Squares … the effect of grandparental childcare on young mothers’ labor force participation and are not significantly different from …

effect on employment of mothers who used to work outside the home before giving birth and might prevent some mothers from … payments in households where the annual income of the higher-earning exceeded their threshold encouraged mothers to start …, we find that some mothers who started working as part-time workers because of the cuts in CB used to work full …