We study the impact of a medical breakthrough (HAART) on domestic violence and illicit drug use among low-income women … infected with HIV. To identify causal effects, we assume that variation in women's immune system health when HAART was … introduced affected how strongly their experience of domestic violence or drug use responded to the breakthrough. Immune system …

Using the 2008 Turkish National Survey of Domestic Violence against Women (NSDVW) and the 1997 compulsory schooling … women's education increases the psychological violence and financial control behavior that they face from their partners … employed-supporting the instrumental violence hypothesis. They present this evidence only for women who live in what they call …

Using the 2008 Turkish National Survey of Domestic Violence against Women (NSDVW) and the 1997 compulsory schooling … women's education increases the psychological violence and financial control behavior that they face from their partners … employed - supporting the instrumental violence hypothesis. They present this evidence only for women who live in what they …