destination. Next, we study heterogeneity in the effects of sanctions across (i) sanction types and sanction packages, (ii) the …Sanctions encompass a wide set of policy instruments restricting cross-border economic activities. In this paper, we … study how different types of sanctions affect the export behaviour of firms to the targeted countries. We combine Danish …

-oriented economy. We offer a comprehensive study of inequality and mobility patterns for Russia, using multiple rounds of the Russian … inequality, with the latter being mostly caused by pro-poor growth rather than redistribution. The poorest tercile experienced a … growth rate that was more than 10 times that of the richest tercile, leading to less long-term inequality than short …

, the international sanctions on Iran have damaged the informal economy even more than the formal economy. …Using Iranian-province-level data from 2001-2013, this study finds that the international sanctions of 2012/2013 had a …

We consider the link between poverty and subjective well-being, and focus in particular on the role of time. We use … satisfaction falls with both the incidence and intensity of contemporaneous poverty. Second, poverty scars: those who have been … poor in the past report lower life satisfaction today, even when out of poverty. Last, the order of poverty spells matters …

groups. Wage inequality has been declining for many years and has now again reached the level of the early 2000s. At the same … time, the low-wage sector shrank by two percentage points. Household income inequality, in contrast, has hardly changed for … material deprivation sank to a low level in a European comparison. Income inequality in Germany has declined slightly since the …

on children's education by exploiting the United Nations sanctions imposed on Iran in 2006. Using the variation in the …While economic sanctions are successful in achieving political goals, can hurt the civilian population. These negative … effects could be even more detrimental and long-lasting for future generations. I estimate the effects of economic sanctions …