This study examines how Nongshim, a Korean instant noodle manufacturer, has expanded its operation globally within the concept of "open innovation" through its glocalization strategy, and how this strategy differs from the existing glocalization method enforced by global companies. The study...

Although corporate finance theory suggests how adverse shocks influence shareholder preferences toward corporate risk-taking and executive compensation, few researchers explore this relationship empirically. We construct a firm-year measure of unexpected shocks to environmental regulatory...