Economic shocks due to COVID-19 were exceptional in their severity, suddenness and heterogeneity across industries. To study the upstream and downstream propagation of these industry-specific demand and supply shocks, we build a dynamic input-output model inspired by previous work on the...

Natural and anthropogenic disasters frequently affect both the supply and demand side of an economy. A striking recent example is the COVID-19 pandemic which has created severe industry-specific disruptions to economic output in most countries. Since firms are embedded in production networks,...