In 1999, a reform of education was implemented in Poland, which added one year to the shortest available educational … path, leading to the acquisition of basic vocational education. In the new system, students choosing this path acquire one … more year of general education, which, according to the authors of the reform, should improve the student's position in the …

marginal future earnings on the basis of a four-month shutdown. We also estimated the losses by level of education. The …

education closures to estimate the loss in marginal future earnings. The findings show that the school closures reduce future …

also provides a novel microfoundation for peer effects, with empirical implications for welfare and different education …

investments in public education can generate long-term improvements in economic well-being. …