regulatory conditions on immigrant-native gaps across four outcomes; unemployment, monthly earnings, underemployment, and … unemployment and underemployment. A higher union density appears to suppress wage differences across some immigrant groups, rather …

The economic crisis in the early 1990s brought about a dramatic increase in unemployment and a similar decrease in … labor force participation. Unemployment declined afterwards, but stabilized at around 6-7% - more than twice as high as … before the crisis. Today, the unemployment rate is lower than the EU average, though Sweden no longer stands out in this …