Cash is being used less and less for making payments in many countries, including Canada and Sweden, which might … paper explains these differences between Canada and Sweden by focusing separately on the transactions demand for cash and on … product in both Canada and Sweden. This reflects similar experiences in decreasing cash use for transactions over time due to …

Swedish experience corresponds to that of Canada and the United States. Sweden is important to study because it has had … differences between the experience of Sweden and that of Canada and the U.S. emerge. (i) Swedish bank notes were safe; in some …This paper examines the experience of Sweden with government notes and private bank notes to determine how well the …

There is much in our increasingly digitized economies to suggest that the use of cash should fall. However, in almost … all countries, it is constant or rising with a few notable exceptions. Sweden, in particular, displays a divergent … developing countries and an extensive set of possible explanatory variables to estimate panel regressions for cash demand. In …

central bank balance sheets. We analyze the experience in seven advanced economies (Australia, Canada, Euro area, New Zealand …, Sweden, UK and US)--documenting different strategies and the substantive reduction in central bank balance sheets that has …

We estimate the demand for transaction and non-transaction cash balances in Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden and Norway … nevertheless show large differences in terms of aggregate cash balances. While Canada, Iceland and Denmark have seen increased … aggregate cash balances, Norway and especially Sweden have seen a dramatic decline. We find that transaction balances have …

We use an “unexplained demand for cash” approach to measure the size of the shadow economy in Sweden. The size of the … changes in net financial positions. Moreover, the correlation between the demand for cash that cannot be explained by recorded … transactions and this residual is strong. -- Cash use ; demand for cash ; shadow economy ; National Accounts ; Financial Accounts …

We use an quot;unexplained demand for cashquot; approach to measure the size of the shadow economy in Sweden. The size …, investments and changes in net financial positions. Moreover, the correlation between the demand for cash that cannot be explained …

-1913, when the Bank of Sweden held a note monopoly. Evidence suggests that notes did not become less elastic after monopolisation … ; Clearing mechanism ; Needs of trade ; Law of Reflux ; Real bills doctrine …

-1915 reveal that money cycles became smaller, but credit cycles larger, after the Bank of Sweden gained a note monopoly in 1904 … effect could dominate the loss-of-clearing effect (base expansion), such that the money multiplier decreases. That the credit … capacity of the banking system. -- Clearing mechanism ; Credit expansion ; Currency-deposit ratio ; Fiduciary money ; Free …