In 1960, there were 101 middle-income countries. By 2008, only thirteen of these had become high-income countries. Why do so many middle-income countries fail to develop after a promising start, becoming mired in the so-called middle-income trap? This interdisciplinary volume addresses the...

Human Development has been advocated as the prime development goal since 1990, when the publication of the first UNDP Human Development Report proposed that development should improve the lives people lead in multiple dimensions instead of primarily pursuing economic growth. This approach forms...

Renewable energy can play a vital role in sustainable energy future and to address the climate change. Investment in renewable energy in the upper middle-income countries (UMIC), a major contributor to global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, can be an important part of recovery from climate...

"An introduction to the contemporary challenges states in the developing world face, and to the ways in which they can build capacity to handle them. It examines the key institutions of the state, the challenges of institutional reform, and the importance of institutional reform in achieving...

Public policy reforms are multifaceted and important for debates and discussion. In India, the first administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) and the second ARC pointed directions for reforms of the public systems at the structural level. Moreover, the new economic policy and the sixth central...