Using market microstructure data, we study the determinants of the buying/selling pattern around seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) and their effect on underpricing. We find that the trading pattern around SEOs is slightly positive before the issue date and heavily negative after the SEO, and this...

We document the frequent use of lockup agreements in seasoned equity offerings (SEOs), and examine the determinants of their use, duration, and early release. From 1996 through 2006, 93.8% of all SEOs included lockups, which is comparable to the 96.6% lockup rate for IPOs during the same period....

We analyze equity financing decisions by firms with major customer relationships to assess whether major trading relationships create interdependence in policies and market values. We find supplier issuance decisions have significant negative effects for large customers, which become more...