We present a unified, market-complete model that integrates both Bachelier and Black- Scholes-Merton frameworks for asset pricing. The model allows for the study, within a unified framework, of asset pricing in a natural world that experiences the possibility of negative security prices or...

In this paper, we present a 1-period model of the Polish financial market from the view point of KGHM, the Polish largest listed company that suffered huge declines in share prices from 125 PLN in August 2015 to 60 PLN in January 2015. Our goal is to show how KGHM might create a portfolio (with...

We propose a nonparametric Bayesian approach for the estimation of the pricing kernel. Historical stock returns and option market data are combined through the Dirichlet Process (DP) to construct an option-adjusted physical measure. The precision parameter of the DP process is calibrated to the...

Numerous studies find S-shaped pricing kernels, which is conflicting with standard theory. In contrast to that, based on a novel GARCH model with structural breaks, I show that the pricing kernel is consistently U-shaped. The results are robust to variations in the methodology and hold for...

This study combines model-free conditional estimators for the risk-neutral and the physical distribution of equity returns to obtain daily measures for the pricing kernel at the monthly time horizon. Despite their time-varying nature, our pricing kernels are non-parametric, forward-looking,...