This study is motivated by the continuing popularity of the Altman Z-score as a measure of distress risk. Altman first introduced the ‘Z' score in 1968 and 50 years later it is still going strong as a means to predicting bankruptcy. During these 50 years, academicians have studied the...

It is well understood that the equity of an insolvent firm can trade for a positive price so long as there is some positive probability that the firm will become solvent at some future point. Currently, however, this insight exists in the case law in an informal sense, while its use in the...

We examine the relation between creditor rights and stock price crash risk by exploiting the staggered enactment of anti-recharacterization laws that gives lenders greater access to the collateral and thus strengthens creditor rights. We find robust evidence that stock price crash risk subsides...

The goal of this paper is to present early warning models used in the process of bankruptcy recognition that should meet the terms of good economic condition. Economic condition of a company on a capital market is good when the goal of the business is achieved, namely the increase in value, that...

We investigate how a firm's corporate pledgeable asset ownership (CPAO) affects the risk of future stock price crashes. Using pledgeable asset ownership and crash risk data for a large sample of U.S. firms, we provide novel empirical evidence that a firm's risk of a future stock price crash...

A financial distress of company should be able anticipated smartly by its management to rerun the business without having any loss due to business failure. Thus, we need a model which could provide an early signal to company the probability of financial distress so that remedial efforts can be...

This study analyzed activism that leads to a merger or acquisition (M&A) of a firm to see its benefits for the shareholders at the target firm as well as its acquirer. It used over thirty years of data to understand the impact of the activists’ demands of strategic significance for the firms....

We develop a general equilibrium model to investigate the adverse effects of liquidity risk on price discovery and to examine the interaction of (externally or internally imposed) solvency requirements for financial institutions with the accounting measurement for financial assets in markets...

Risk of financial failure is defined as the inability of a firm to pay its current liabilities. Financial failure may lead firms to bankrupt or go into liquidation. This paper aims to develop reliable model to identify the financial failure risk of the firms listed on Istanbul Stock Exchange...

In light of agency and resource dependence theories, we explored the impact of ownership patterns on the likelihood of financial distress using 57 financial institutions (FIs) listed in Dhaka Stock Exchange and 390 firm years from 2016 to 2022. This study observed that 97.94% of the firms are in...