This paper considers a general-equilibrium model with loss-aversion in consumption and heterogeneity: there is a continuum of agents, with s-shaped utility, who differ in the time-varying reference level of consumption. Heterogeneity in the reference level is crucial for the existence of the...

Momentum strategies generate significant positive returns over long investment horizons; however these strategies experience infrequent periods of large negative returns. These periods are known as 'momentum crashes'. We demonstrate that the probability of a momentum crash is time-varying,...

This paper studies the wealth and pricing implications of loss aversion in the presence of arbitrageurs with Epstein-Zin preferences. Loss aversion affects an investor's survival prospects mainly through its effect on the investor's portfolio holdings. Loss-averse investors will be driven out of...

We merge the literature on downside return risk and liquidity risk and introduce the concept of extreme downside liquidity (EDL) risks. The cross-section of stock returns reflects a premium if a stock's return (liquidity) is lowest at the same time when the market liquidity (return) is lowest....

Behavioral finance tries to make sense of financial data using models that are based on psychologically accurate assumptions about people's beliefs, preferences, and cognitive limits. I review behavioral finance approaches to understanding asset prices and trading volume, with particular...

This paper provides a measurement of framing effects in the stock market by using actual market open trading data, and provide a test of this new firm-special behavioral characteristic. We adopt univariate and bivariate portfolio-level analyses with seminal rational and behavioral factors, to...

We present a new model of asset prices in which investors evaluate risk according to prospect theory and examine its ability to explain 22 prominent stock market anomalies. The model incorporates all the elements of prospect theory, takes account of investors' prior gains and losses, and makes...

Behavioral finance tries to make sense of financial data using models that are based on psychologically accurate assumptions about people's beliefs, preferences, and cognitive limits. I review behavioral finance approaches to understanding asset prices and trading volume, with particular...

We develop a finite-sample procedure to test for mean-variance efficiency and spanning without imposing any parametric assumptions on the distribution of model disturbances. In so doing, we provide an exact distribution-free method to test uniform linear restrictions in multivariate linear...

Empirical measures of world consumption growth risk have failed to rationalize the cross-section of country equity returns. We propose a new factor, termed "the global consumption factor", to explain the patterns in risk premiums on international equity markets. We identify this factor as the...