integration and co-integration technique. Particularly, fractional integration is applied to examine stochastic properties of … individual assets and fractional cointegration to analyse bivariate connectedness. Our findings unveil the absence of mean … instead of prices. Like, conditional volatility-based estimation uncovers evidence of mean reversion in univariate analysis as …

African stock exchanges for the period 2008-2017 and employed the panel ARDL bounds testing procedure to test for … cointegration and examine the causal relationship between ICT adoption and stock market development. The dependent variable employed …

capital integration with cointegration techniques. This approach minimizes the risk of accepting the null of no cointegration … provide partial support in favor of cointegration, and therefore for capital markets integration, among stock market indices … when proper attention is given to issues like the identification and temporal stability of the cointegration vectors as …