We find that procyclical stocks, whose returns comove with business cycles, earn higher average returns than countercyclical stocks. We use almost a three-quarter century of real GDP growth expectations from economists' surveys to determine forecasted economic states. This approach largely...

Using comprehensive quarterly data on hedge fund stock holdings, we study the role of hedge funds in the process of stock price formation. We find that hedge funds tend to hold undervalued stocks, and that both hedge fund ownership and their trades are positively related to the degree of stock...

This study examines the liquidity characteristics of market anomalies and how liquidity affects institutional trading on those anomalies. We find that long-short portfolios based on market anomalies have pervasive liquidity exposures. For long-horizon anomalies, the long legs of the portfolios...