Neither existing theory nor prior empirical work can tell us the impact of non-normality on required sample sizes for Student-t tests of the mean in U.S. stock returns. Prior empirical work and bounds from a modified Berry-Esseen theorem do suggest, however, that the answer should vary with...

Pricing bonds is generally one of the earliest applications of time value of money in a finance curriculum. A bond price incorporates the use of an annuity and an individual discounted cash flow while also being a “fundamental” financial security. This paper works through the pedagogy of...

Alexander, Arnold and Wu (2020) introduce an algorithm for multi-stage stock pricing that uses a present value annuity structure. This algorithm is adapted for a financial calculator by using an iterative bond pricing structure

A process for multi-stage stock pricing is presented with evidence of improved classroom performance. The technique is expanded upon for more advanced class presentations and for potential fintech applications by taking advantage of present value annuity and future value annuity due structures