We model a capital market in which some proportion of investors get utility from owning firms that undertake spending on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We also assume different categories of firms: those with good CSR fundamentals and those with poor CSR fundamentals. We develop an...

"A firm's termination leads to bankruptcy costs. This may create an incentive for outside stakeholders or the firm's debtholders to bail out the firm as bankruptcy looms. Because of this implicit guarantee, firm shareholders have an incentive to increase volatility in order to exploit the...