"Tradable permit regulations have recently been implemented for climate change policy in many countries. One of the first mandatory markets was the EU Emission Trading System, whose first phase ran from 2005-07. Unlike taxes, permits expose firms to volatility in regulatory costs, but are...

This study provides a first consistent answer to the important question of whether decarbonizing institutional portfolios affects the stock prices of carbon-intensive companies and if it contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions. With a new method to identify decarbonization trades in a...