Studies of the incentives behind the expropriation of minority shareholders of publicly listed firms by their controlling shareholders focus on the publicly listed firm's performance or characteristics and treat the controlling shareholder as a black box. In this paper, we examine when and why...

Dual-class share unifications have typically been argued to be beneficial for voting shareholders. In the unification, voting shareholders are usually compensated for the loss of their superior voting privilege. However, no covenants exist that make this compensation mandatory for voting...

We examine how the market values operating assets in the presence of time-varying ex ante risk that these assets may be tunneled away. We analyze pairs of Chinese publicly listed firms and their non-listed parents and examine the market valuation of current assets (cash balances, trade...