Purpose - A major lesson of the EMU crisis is that serious disequilibria in a monetary union result from arrangements not designed to be robust to a variety of shocks. With the specter of this crisis looming substantially and scarring existing monetary zones, the present study has complemented...

Purpose - While in developed economies, changes in monetary policy affect real economic activity in the short-run but only prices in the long-run, the question of whether these tendencies apply to developing countries remains open to debate. In this paper, we examine the effects of monetary...

We study the effects of international monetary, income and prices shocks on domestic income through the external trade channel in 16 African countries between 1970 and 2012, using a SVAR Model. The results emphasize that domestic income is exposed to international shocks through the impacts of...