In response to the record-breaking COVID19 recession, many governments have adopted unprecedented fiscal stimuli. While countercyclical fiscal policy is effective in fighting conventional recessions, little is known about the effectiveness of fiscal policy in the current environment with...

We document four features of consumption and income microdata: (1) household-level consumption is as volatile as household income on average, (2) household-level consumption has a positive but small correlation with income, (3) many low-wealth households have marginal propensities to consume...

We document four features of consumption and income microdata: 1) household-level consumption is as volatile as household income on average, 2) household-level consumption has a positive but small correlation with income, 3) many low-wealth households have marginal propensities to consume near...