Chatfield, Dean C.; Pritchard, Alan M. - In: Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and … 49 (2013) 1, pp. 159-175
An almost universal assumption in the bullwhip effect modeling literature is that excess goods may be returned without restriction. We seek to determine if returns impact the level of bullwhip effect observed in a multi-stage supply chain. We build a hybrid agent/discrete-event simulation model...