initial racial gap in education and that slavery affects growth indirectly through this channel. …We study the evolution of racial educational inequality across US states from 1940 to 2000. We show that throughout … determined by the initial gap. We obtain these results with 2SLS estimates where slavery is used as an instrument for the initial …

initial racial gap in education and that slavery affects growth indirectly through this channel. -- race ; inequality … ; education ; slavery ; development …We study the evolution of racial educational inequality across US states from 1940 to 2000. We show that throughout …

initial racial gap in education and that slavery affects growth indirectly through this channel …We study the evolution of racial educational inequality across US states from 1940 to 2000. We show that throughout … determined by the initial gap. We obtain these results with 2SLS estimates where slavery is used as an instrument for the initial …

Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . A theme of convergence is central to the narrative. Slaves were … Emancipation, black children continued to face many obstacles in acquiring education. In addition to their relative poverty and …

Income inequality is a critical issue in both political and public debate. Educational attainment is a key causal … factor of continuing inequality, since it influences human capital accumulation and, as a consequence, the unequal … distribution of earnings. Educational inequality displays a racial dimension that is particularly persistent and difficult to …

documenting the broad patterns of national and sub-national differences in income and inequality, building on the seminal … contributions of Engerman and Sokoloff (2000; 2002, 2005) and aiming to capture different dimensions of inequality. We then proceed … thematically, providing empirical evidence and summarizing the key recent studies on colonial institutions, slavery, land reform …

inferiority held by a changing white majority as the economy expanded dramatically. Slavery was outlawed after the Civil War, and …

channels of transmission between slavery and violent crime: inequality, a culture of violence, and ethnic fractionalization …This study investigates the long-term relationship between slavery and violence in the USA. Although considerable … qualitative evidence suggests that slavery has been a key factor behind the prevalence of violence, especially in Southern USA …

This paper documents the emergence of a race gap in incarceration after the abolition of slavery in the U.S. Counties …