This paper documents Finland's policy response to the increase in asylum applications in 2015 and the labor market performance of earlier immigrants living in Finland. Immigrants born in Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia had substantially lower employment rates, earned less and received more social...

This paper shows that an integration policy aimed at unemployed adult immigrants generated positive spillovers for their children. Our research design builds on a discontinuity in the phase-in-rule of Finland's 1999 reform that introduced integration plans-a new approach for allocating...

We review and interpret research on the economic and political effects of receiving asylum seekers and refugees in developed countries, with a particular focus on the 2015 European refugee protection crisis and its aftermath. In the first part of the paper, we examine the consequences of...

We review and interpret research on the economic and political effects of receiving asylum seekers and refugees in developed countries, with a particular focus on the 2015 European refugee protection crisis and its aftermath. In the first part of the paper, we examine the consequences of...