Since 1947, the Vietnam Social Security has provided social insurance to public servants and armed forces personnel in Vietnam. In 1995, the system became mandatory to the employees of the newly developing private sector. The mandatory coverage of the private sector was first restricted to the...

The study starts with a classification of the enterprises depending on their participation to the Vietnam social security. Among the enterprises that contribute, one striking feature is that on average the share in the wage bill of the contributions paid to the Vietnam social security is much...

Viet Nam has made significant progress in expanding social insurance coverage in recent years. However, coverage amongst small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) remains very low and very few workers in this sector are expected to receive a pension in retirement. Drawing on two datasets for...